Generator: Add Enum and Struct

Win32: IUnknown and DXGI generation.

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "src/Generator/win32json"]
+	path = src/Generator/win32json
+	url = https://github.com/marlersoft/win32json.git

src/Generator/ApiData.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+#nullable disable
+
+namespace Generator;
+
+public class ApiDataArrayShape
+{
+    public int Size { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class ApiDataType
+{
+    public string Kind { get; set; }
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+
+    // Kind == Array
+    public ApiDataArrayShape Shape { get; set; }
+    public ApiDataType Child { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class ApiDataConstant
+{
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    public ApiDataType Type { get; set; }
+    public string ValueType { get; set; }
+    public object Value { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class ApiEnumValue
+{
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    public object Value { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class ApiStructField
+{
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    public ApiDataType Type { get; set; }
+}
+
+public class ApiType
+{
+    public string Name { get; set; }
+    public string Kind { get; set; }
+
+    // Enum
+    public bool Flags { get; set; }
+    public bool Scoped { get; set; }
+    public string IntegerBase { get; set; }
+    public ApiEnumValue[] Values { get; set; }
+
+    // Struct
+    public int Size { get; set; }
+    public int PackingSize { get; set; }
+    public ApiStructField[] Fields { get; set; }
+}
+
+public sealed class ApiData
+{
+    public ApiDataConstant[] Constants { get; set; }
+    public ApiType[] Types { get; set; }
+}

src/Generator/CodeWriter.cs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ public sealed class CodeWriter : IDisposable
 
     public int IndentLevel { get; private set; }
 
-    public CodeWriter(string fileName, bool enableNullable, params string[] namespaces)
+    public CodeWriter(string fileName, string ns, params string[] usingNamespaces)
     {
         _indentStrings = new string[10];
         for (int i = 0; i < _indentStrings.Length; i++)
@@ -31,23 +31,18 @@ public sealed class CodeWriter : IDisposable
         _writer.WriteLine("// ------------------------------------------------------------------------------");
         _writer.WriteLine();
 
-        if (enableNullable)
+        _writer.WriteLine($"using System;");
+        _writer.WriteLine($"using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;");
+        _writer.WriteLine($"using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;");
+
+        foreach (string usingNamespace in usingNamespaces)
         {
-            _writer.WriteLine($"#nullable enable");
+            _writer.WriteLine($"using {usingNamespace};");
+        }
+
         _writer.WriteLine();
-        }
 
-        foreach (string ns in namespaces)
-        {
-            _writer.WriteLine($"using {ns};");
-        }
-
-        if (namespaces.Length > 0)
-        {
-            _writer.WriteLine();
-        }
-
-        _writer.WriteLine("namespace Vortice.Vulkan;");
+        _writer.WriteLine($"namespace {ns};");
         _writer.WriteLine();
     }
 
@@ -79,6 +74,12 @@ public sealed class CodeWriter : IDisposable
         _shouldIndent = true;
     }
 
+    public void WriteUndindented(string @string)
+    {
+        _writer.WriteLine(@string);
+        _shouldIndent = true;
+    }
+
     public void BeginBlock(string content)
     {
         WriteLine(content);

src/Generator/Generator.csproj

@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@
   </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <Content Include="vulkan/*.*">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </Content>
-    <Content Include="vk_video/*.*">
+    <PackageReference Include="Newtonsoft.Json" Version="13.0.2-beta2" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Content Include="win32json/api/*.*">
       <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
     </Content>
   </ItemGroup>

src/Generator/Program.cs

@@ -1,10 +1,59 @@
 // Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
 // Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
 
+using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Xml.Linq;
+using Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+
 namespace Generator;
 
 public static class Program
 {
+    private static readonly string[] jsons = new[]
+    {
+        "Graphics.Dxgi.Common.json"
+    };
+
+    private static readonly Dictionary<string, string> s_csNameMappings = new()
+    {
+        {"Void", "void" },
+        {"Byte", "byte" },
+        {"SByte", "sbyte" },
+        {"Int8", "sbyte" },
+        {"Int16", "short" },
+        {"Int32", "int" },
+        {"Int64", "long" },
+        {"UInt8", "byte" },
+        {"UInt16", "ushort" },
+        {"UInt32", "uint" },
+        {"UInt64", "ulong" },
+        {"Single", "float" },
+        {"Double", "double" },
+
+        { "BOOL", "Bool32" },
+    };
+
+    private static readonly Dictionary<string, string> s_knownTypesPrefixes = new()
+    {
+        { "DXGI_COLOR_SPACE_TYPE", "DXGI_COLOR_SPACE" },
+    };
+
+    private static readonly Dictionary<string, string> s_knownEnumValueNames = new()
+    {
+        { "DXGI_FORMAT_420_OPAQUE", "Opaque420" }
+    };
+
+    private static readonly HashSet<string> s_ignoredParts = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+    {
+        "DXGI"
+    };
+
+    private static readonly HashSet<string> s_preserveCaps = new(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+    {
+    };
+
     public static int Main(string[] args)
     {
         string outputPath = AppContext.BaseDirectory;
@@ -23,6 +72,374 @@ public static class Program
             Directory.CreateDirectory(outputPath);
         }
 
+        foreach (string jsonFile in jsons)
+        {
+            string outputFolder = Path.Combine(outputPath, "Graphics");
+            if (!Directory.Exists(outputFolder))
+            {
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(outputFolder);
+            }
+
+            string finalPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, "win32json", "api", jsonFile);
+            string jsonData = File.ReadAllText(finalPath);
+            ApiData? api = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ApiData>(jsonData);
+            Generate(api!, outputFolder);
+        }
+
         return 0;
     }
+
+    private static void Generate(ApiData api, string outputPath)
+    {
+        using var writer = new CodeWriter(
+            Path.Combine(outputPath, "Dxgi.Common.cs"),
+            "Win32.Graphics.Dxgi");
+
+        GenerateConstants(writer, api);
+        GenerateTypes(writer, api);
+    }
+
+    private static void GenerateConstants(CodeWriter writer, ApiData api)
+    {
+        using (writer.PushBlock($"public static partial class Apis"))
+        {
+            foreach (var constant in api.Constants)
+            {
+                if (ShouldSkipConstant(constant))
+                    continue;
+
+                string typeName = GetTypeName(constant.ValueType);
+                writer.WriteLine($"public const {typeName} {constant.Name} = {constant.Value};");
+            }
+        }
+        writer.WriteLine();
+    }
+
+    private static void GenerateTypes(CodeWriter writer, ApiData api)
+    {
+        writer.WriteLine($"#region Enums");
+        foreach (ApiType enumType in api.Types.Where(item => item.Kind.ToLowerInvariant() == "enum"))
+        {
+            GenerateEnum(writer, enumType);
+        }
+        writer.WriteLine($"#endregion Enums");
+        writer.WriteLine();
+
+        writer.WriteLine($"#region Structs");
+        foreach (ApiType structType in api.Types.Where(item => item.Kind.ToLowerInvariant() == "struct"))
+        {
+            GenerateStruct(writer, structType);
+        }
+        writer.WriteLine($"#endregion Structs");
+        writer.WriteLine();
+    }
+
+    private static void GenerateEnum(CodeWriter writer, ApiType enumType)
+    {
+        if (enumType.Flags)
+        {
+            writer.WriteLine("[Flags]");
+        }
+
+        string csTypeName = GetDataTypeName(enumType.Name, out string enumPrefix);
+        string baseTypeName = GetTypeName(enumType.IntegerBase);
+        AddCsMapping(enumType.Name, csTypeName);
+
+        writer.WriteLine($"/// <unmanaged>{enumType.Name}</unmanaged>");
+        using (writer.PushBlock($"public enum {csTypeName} : {baseTypeName}"))
+        {
+            foreach (ApiEnumValue value in enumType.Values)
+            {
+                if (value.Name.EndsWith("_FORCE_DWORD") ||
+                    value.Name.EndsWith("_FORCE_UINT"))
+                    continue;
+
+                string enumValueName = GetPrettyFieldName(value.Name, enumPrefix);
+                writer.WriteLine($"/// <unmanaged>{value.Name}</unmanaged>");
+                writer.WriteLine($"{enumValueName} = {value.Value},");
+            }
+        }
+
+        writer.WriteLine();
+    }
+
+    private static void GenerateStruct(CodeWriter writer, ApiType structType)
+    {
+        string csTypeName = GetDataTypeName(structType.Name, out string structPrefix);
+        AddCsMapping(structType.Name, csTypeName);
+
+        writer.WriteLine($"/// <unmanaged>{structType.Name}</unmanaged>");
+        using (writer.PushBlock($"public partial struct {csTypeName}"))
+        {
+            foreach (ApiStructField field in structType.Fields)
+            {
+                if (field.Name.EndsWith("_FORCE_DWORD"))
+                    continue;
+
+                string fieldValueName = GetPrettyFieldName(field.Name, structPrefix);
+                string fieldTypeName = GetTypeName(field.Type);
+                //writer.WriteLine($"/// <unmanaged>{field.Name}</unmanaged>");
+
+                if (fieldTypeName == "Array")
+                {
+                    bool canUseFixed = false;
+                    if (field.Type.Child.Kind == "Native")
+                    {
+                        canUseFixed = true;
+                    }
+
+                    fieldTypeName = GetTypeName(field.Type.Child);
+
+                    if (canUseFixed)
+                    {
+                        writer.WriteLine($"public unsafe fixed {fieldTypeName} {fieldValueName}[{field.Type.Shape.Size}];");
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        writer.WriteLine($"public {fieldValueName}__FixedBuffer {fieldValueName};");
+                        writer.WriteLine();
+
+                        using (writer.PushBlock($"public unsafe struct {fieldValueName}__FixedBuffer"))
+                        {
+                            for (int i = 0; i < field.Type.Shape.Size; i++)
+                            {
+                                writer.WriteLine($"public {fieldTypeName} e{i};");
+                            }
+                            writer.WriteLine();
+
+                            writer.WriteLine("[UnscopedRef]");
+                            using (writer.PushBlock($"public ref {fieldTypeName} this[int index]"))
+                            {
+                                writer.WriteLine("[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]");
+                                using (writer.PushBlock("get"))
+                                {
+                                    writer.WriteLine($"return ref AsSpan()[index];");
+                                }
+                            }
+                            writer.WriteLine();
+
+                            writer.WriteLine("[UnscopedRef]");
+                            writer.WriteLine("[MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]");
+                            using (writer.PushBlock($"public Span<{fieldTypeName}> AsSpan()"))
+                            {
+                                writer.WriteUndindented("#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER");
+                                writer.WriteLine($"return MemoryMarshal.CreateSpan(ref e0, {field.Type.Shape.Size});");
+                                writer.WriteUndindented("#else");
+                                writer.WriteLine($"return new(Unsafe.AsPointer(ref e0), {field.Type.Shape.Size});");
+                                writer.WriteUndindented("#endif");
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    writer.WriteLine($"public {fieldTypeName} {fieldValueName};");
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        writer.WriteLine();
+    }
+
+    private static bool ShouldSkipConstant(ApiDataConstant constant)
+    {
+        if (constant.Name == "_FACDXGI")
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private static string GetDataTypeName(string typeName, out string prefix)
+    {
+        prefix = typeName;
+        if (s_knownTypesPrefixes.TryGetValue(typeName, out string? knowPrefix))
+        {
+            prefix = knowPrefix!;
+        }
+
+        string[] parts = typeName.Split(new[] { '_' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
+
+        var sb = new StringBuilder();
+        foreach (string part in parts)
+        {
+            if (s_ignoredParts.Contains(part))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (s_preserveCaps.Contains(part))
+            {
+                sb.Append(part);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (part.Equals("DESC", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                {
+                    sb.Append("Description");
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    sb.Append(char.ToUpper(part[0]));
+                    for (int i = 1; i < part.Length; i++)
+                    {
+                        sb.Append(char.ToLower(part[i]));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        string prettyName = sb.ToString();
+        return (char.IsNumber(prettyName[0])) ? "_" + prettyName : prettyName;
+    }
+
+    private static string GetPrettyFieldName(string value, string enumPrefix)
+    {
+        if (s_knownEnumValueNames.TryGetValue(value, out string? knownName))
+        {
+            return knownName;
+        }
+
+        if (value.IndexOf(enumPrefix) != 0)
+        {
+            return value;
+        }
+
+        bool isDXGIFormat = enumPrefix == "DXGI_FORMAT";
+
+        string[] parts = value[enumPrefix.Length..].Split(new[] { '_' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
+
+        var sb = new StringBuilder();
+        foreach (string part in parts)
+        {
+            if (s_ignoredParts.Contains(part))
+            {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (s_preserveCaps.Contains(part))
+            {
+                sb.Append(part);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (isDXGIFormat)
+                {
+                    if (part.Equals("UNKNOWN", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Unknown");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("TYPELESS", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Typeless");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("UNORM", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Unorm");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("SNORM", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Snorm");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("UINT", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Uint");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("SINT", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Sint");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("FLOAT", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Float");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("SRGB", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Srgb");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("SHAREDEXP", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("SharedExp");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("SAMPLER", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Sampler");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("FEEDBACK", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Feedback");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("MIN", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Min");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("MIP", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Mip");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("OPAQUE", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Opaque");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("REGION", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Region");
+                    }
+                    else if (part.Equals("USED", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                    {
+                        sb.Append("Used");
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        sb.Append(part);
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    sb.Append(char.ToUpper(part[0]));
+                    for (int i = 1; i < part.Length; i++)
+                    {
+                        sb.Append(char.ToLower(part[i]));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        string prettyName = sb.ToString();
+        return (char.IsNumber(prettyName[0])) ? "_" + prettyName : prettyName;
+    }
+
+    private static string GetTypeName(ApiDataType dataType)
+    {
+        if (dataType.Kind == "ApiRef")
+        {
+            return GetTypeName(dataType.Name);
+        }
+        else if (dataType.Kind == "Array")
+        {
+            return "Array";
+        }
+        else if (dataType.Kind == "PointerTo")
+        {
+            throw new NotImplementedException();
+        }
+
+        return GetTypeName(dataType.Name);
+    }
+
+    private static void AddCsMapping(string typeName, string csTypeName)
+    {
+        s_csNameMappings[typeName] = csTypeName;
+    }
+
+    private static string GetTypeName(string name)
+    {
+        if (s_csNameMappings.TryGetValue(name, out string? mappedName))
+        {
+            return mappedName;
+        }
+
+        return name;
+    }
 }

src/Vortice.Win32/Attributes.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+// Copyright © Tanner Gooding and Contributors. Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See License.md in the repository root for more information.
+
+using System.Diagnostics;
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+/// <summary>Defines the type of a member as it was used in the native signature.</summary>
+[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Struct | AttributeTargets.Enum | AttributeTargets.Property | AttributeTargets.Field | AttributeTargets.Parameter | AttributeTargets.ReturnValue, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
+[Conditional("DEBUG")]
+internal sealed partial class NativeTypeNameAttribute : Attribute
+{
+    /// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="NativeTypeNameAttribute" /> class.</summary>
+    /// <param name="name">The name of the type that was used in the native signature.</param>
+    public NativeTypeNameAttribute(string name)
+    {
+        Name = name;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Gets the name of the type that was used in the native signature.</summary>
+    public string Name { get; }
+}
+
+/// <summary>Defines the vtbl index of a method as it was in the native signature.</summary>
+[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)]
+[Conditional("DEBUG")]
+internal sealed partial class VtblIndexAttribute : Attribute
+{
+    /// <summary>Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="VtblIndexAttribute" /> class.</summary>
+    /// <param name="index">The vtbl index of a method as it was in the native signature.</param>
+    public VtblIndexAttribute(uint index)
+    {
+        Index = index;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Gets the vtbl index of a method as it was in the native signature.</summary>
+    public uint Index { get; }
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/Bool32.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+public readonly partial struct Bool32 : IComparable, IComparable<Bool32>, IEquatable<Bool32>, IFormattable
+{
+    public readonly int Value;
+
+    public Bool32(int value)
+    {
+        Value = value;
+    }
+
+    public static Bool32 True => new Bool32(1);
+    public static Bool32 False => new Bool32(0);
+
+    public static bool operator ==(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value == right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator !=(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value != right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator <(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value < right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator <=(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value <= right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator >(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value > right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator >=(Bool32 left, Bool32 right) => left.Value >= right.Value;
+
+    public static implicit operator bool(Bool32 value) => value.Value != 0;
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(bool value) => new Bool32(value ? 1 : 0);
+
+    public static bool operator false(Bool32 value) => value.Value == 0;
+
+    public static bool operator true(Bool32 value) => value.Value != 0;
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(byte value) => new Bool32(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator byte(Bool32 value) => (byte)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(short value) => new Bool32(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator short(Bool32 value) => (short)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(int value) => new Bool32(value);
+
+    public static implicit operator int(Bool32 value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static explicit operator Bool32(long value) => new Bool32(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static implicit operator long(Bool32 value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static explicit operator Bool32(nint value) => new Bool32(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static implicit operator nint(Bool32 value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(sbyte value) => new Bool32(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator sbyte(Bool32 value) => (sbyte)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator Bool32(ushort value) => new Bool32(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator ushort(Bool32 value) => (ushort)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator Bool32(uint value) => new Bool32(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator uint(Bool32 value) => (uint)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator Bool32(ulong value) => new Bool32(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator ulong(Bool32 value) => (ulong)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator Bool32(nuint value) => new Bool32(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator nuint(Bool32 value) => (nuint)(value.Value);
+
+    public int CompareTo(object? obj)
+    {
+        if (obj is Bool32 other)
+        {
+            return CompareTo(other);
+        }
+
+        return (obj is null) ? 1 : throw new ArgumentException("obj is not an instance of Bool32.");
+    }
+
+    public int CompareTo(Bool32 other) => Value.CompareTo(other.Value);
+
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => (obj is Bool32 other) && Equals(other);
+
+    public bool Equals(Bool32 other) => Value.Equals(other.Value);
+
+    public override int GetHashCode() => Value.GetHashCode();
+
+    public override string ToString() => Value.ToString();
+
+    public string ToString(string? format, IFormatProvider? formatProvider) => Value.ToString(format, formatProvider);
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/ComPtr.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+// Copyright © Tanner Gooding and Contributors. Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See License.md in the repository root for more information.
+// Ported from winrt/wrl/client.h in the Windows SDK for Windows 10.0.22621.0
+// Original source is Copyright © Microsoft. All rights reserved.
+
+using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using static Win32.Apis;
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+/// <summary>A type that allows working with pointers to COM objects more securely.</summary>
+/// <typeparam name="T">The type to wrap in the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</typeparam>
+/// <remarks>While this type is not marked as <see langword="ref"/> so that it can also be used in fields, make sure to keep the reference counts properly tracked if you do store <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instances on the heap.</remarks>
+public unsafe struct ComPtr<T> : IDisposable
+    where T : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+{
+    /// <summary>The raw pointer to a COM object, if existing.</summary>
+    private T* ptr_;
+
+    /// <summary>Creates a new <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance from a raw pointer and increments the ref count.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The raw pointer to wrap.</param>
+    public ComPtr(T* other)
+    {
+        ptr_ = other;
+        InternalAddRef();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Creates a new <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance from a second one and increments the ref count.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The other <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance to copy.</param>
+    public ComPtr(ComPtr<T> other)
+    {
+        ptr_ = other.ptr_;
+        InternalAddRef();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts a raw pointer to a new <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance and increments the ref count.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The raw pointer to wrap.</param>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static implicit operator ComPtr<T>(T* other)
+        => new ComPtr<T>(other);
+
+    /// <summary>Unwraps a <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance and returns the internal raw pointer.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance to unwrap.</param>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static implicit operator T*(ComPtr<T> other)
+        => other.Get();
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to type <typeparamref name="U"/> and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="U">The interface type to use to try casting the current COM object.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="p">A raw pointer to the target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value to write to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target type <typeparamref name="U"/>.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>This method will automatically release the target COM object pointed to by <paramref name="p"/>, if any.</remarks>
+    public readonly HResult As<U>(ComPtr<U>* p)
+        where U : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(__uuidof<U>(), (void**)p->ReleaseAndGetAddressOf());
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to type <typeparamref name="U"/> and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="U">The interface type to use to try casting the current COM object.</typeparam>
+    /// <param name="other">A reference to the target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value to write to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target type <typeparamref name="U"/>.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>This method will automatically release the target COM object pointed to by <paramref name="other"/>, if any.</remarks>
+    public readonly HResult As<U>(ref ComPtr<U> other)
+        where U : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+    {
+        U* ptr;
+        HResult result = ptr_->QueryInterface(__uuidof<U>(), (void**)&ptr);
+
+        other.Attach(ptr);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to a type indicated by the given IID and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <param name="riid">The IID indicating the interface type to convert the COM object reference to.</param>
+    /// <param name="other">A raw pointer to the target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value to write to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target IID.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>This method will automatically release the target COM object pointed to by <paramref name="other"/>, if any.</remarks>
+    public readonly HResult AsIID(Guid* riid, ComPtr<IUnknown>* other)
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(riid, (void**)other->ReleaseAndGetAddressOf());
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to a type indicated by the given IID and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <param name="riid">The IID indicating the interface type to convert the COM object reference to.</param>
+    /// <param name="other">A reference to the target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value to write to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target IID.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>This method will automatically release the target COM object pointed to by <paramref name="other"/>, if any.</remarks>
+    public readonly HResult AsIID(Guid* riid, ref ComPtr<IUnknown> other)
+    {
+        IUnknown* ptr;
+        HResult result = ptr_->QueryInterface(riid, (void**)&ptr);
+
+        other.Attach(ptr);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Releases the current COM object, if any, and replaces the internal pointer with an input raw pointer.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The input raw pointer to wrap.</param>
+    /// <remarks>This method will release the current raw pointer, if any, but it will not increment the references for <paramref name="other"/>.</remarks>
+    public void Attach(T* other)
+    {
+        if (ptr_ != null)
+        {
+            var @ref = ptr_->Release();
+            Debug.Assert((@ref != 0) || (ptr_ != other));
+        }
+        ptr_ = other;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Returns the raw pointer wrapped by the current instance, and resets the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <returns>The raw pointer wrapped by the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</returns>
+    /// <remarks>This method will not change the reference count for the COM object in use.</remarks>
+    public T* Detach()
+    {
+        T* ptr = ptr_;
+        ptr_ = null;
+        return ptr;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Increments the reference count for the current COM object, if any, and copies its address to a target raw pointer.</summary>
+    /// <param name="ptr">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>This method always returns <see cref="HResult.Ok"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(T** ptr)
+    {
+        InternalAddRef();
+        *ptr = ptr_;
+        return HResult.Ok;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Increments the reference count for the current COM object, if any, and copies its address to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/>.</summary>
+    /// <param name="p">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>This method always returns <see cref="HResult.Ok"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(ComPtr<T>* p)
+    {
+        InternalAddRef();
+        *p->ReleaseAndGetAddressOf() = ptr_;
+        return HResult.Ok;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Increments the reference count for the current COM object, if any, and copies its address to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/>.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The target reference to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>This method always returns <see cref="HResult.Ok"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(ref ComPtr<T> other)
+    {
+        InternalAddRef();
+        other.Attach(ptr_);
+        return HResult.Ok;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current COM object reference to a given interface type and assigns that to a target raw pointer.</summary>
+    /// <param name="ptr">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target type <typeparamref name="U"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo<U>(U** ptr)
+        where U : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(__uuidof<U>(), (void**)ptr);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current COM object reference to a given interface type and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/>.</summary>
+    /// <param name="p">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target type <typeparamref name="U"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo<U>(ComPtr<U>* p)
+        where U : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(__uuidof<U>(), (void**)p->ReleaseAndGetAddressOf());
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current COM object reference to a given interface type and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/>.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The target reference to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target type <typeparamref name="U"/>.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo<U>(ref ComPtr<U> other)
+        where U : unmanaged, IUnknown.Interface
+    {
+        U* ptr;
+        HResult result = ptr_->QueryInterface(__uuidof<U>(), (void**)&ptr);
+
+        other.Attach(ptr);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to a type indicated by the given IID and assigns that to a target address.</summary>
+    /// <param name="riid">The IID indicating the interface type to convert the COM object reference to.</param>
+    /// <param name="ptr">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target IID.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(Guid* riid, void** ptr)
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(riid, ptr);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to a type indicated by the given IID and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <param name="riid">The IID indicating the interface type to convert the COM object reference to.</param>
+    /// <param name="p">The target raw pointer to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target IID.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(Guid* riid, ComPtr<IUnknown>* p)
+    {
+        return ptr_->QueryInterface(riid, (void**)p->ReleaseAndGetAddressOf());
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Converts the current object reference to a type indicated by the given IID and assigns that to a target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> value.</summary>
+    /// <param name="riid">The IID indicating the interface type to convert the COM object reference to.</param>
+    /// <param name="other">The target reference to copy the address of the current COM object to.</param>
+    /// <returns>The result of <see cref="IUnknown.QueryInterface"/> for the target IID.</returns>
+    public readonly HResult CopyTo(Guid* riid, ref ComPtr<IUnknown> other)
+    {
+        IUnknown* ptr;
+        HResult result = ptr_->QueryInterface(riid, (void**)&ptr);
+
+        other.Attach(ptr);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /// <inheritdoc/>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public void Dispose()
+    {
+        T* pointer = ptr_;
+
+        if (pointer != null)
+        {
+            ptr_ = null;
+            _ = pointer->Release();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Gets the currently wrapped raw pointer to a COM object.</summary>
+    /// <returns>The raw pointer wrapped by the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public readonly T* Get()
+    {
+        return ptr_;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Gets the address of the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance as a raw <typeparamref name="T"/> double pointer. This method is only valid when the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance is on the stack or pinned.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <returns>The raw pointer to the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public readonly T** GetAddressOf()
+    {
+        return (T**)Unsafe.AsPointer(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in this));
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Gets the address of the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance as a raw <typeparamref name="T"/> double pointer.</summary>
+    /// <returns>The raw pointer to the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)]
+    public readonly ref T* GetPinnableReference()
+    {
+        fixed (T** ptr = &ptr_)
+        {
+            return ref *ptr;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Releases the current COM object in use and gets the address of the <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance as a raw <typeparamref name="T"/> double pointer. This method is only valid when the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance is on the stack or pinned.</summary>
+    /// <returns>The raw pointer to the current <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public T** ReleaseAndGetAddressOf()
+    {
+        _ = InternalRelease();
+        return GetAddressOf();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Resets the current instance by decrementing the reference count for the target COM object and setting the internal raw pointer to <see langword="null"/>.</summary>
+    /// <returns>The updated reference count for the COM object that was in use, if any.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public uint Reset()
+    {
+        return InternalRelease();
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Swaps the current COM object reference with that of a given <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</summary>
+    /// <param name="r">The target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance to swap with the current one.</param>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public void Swap(ComPtr<T>* r)
+    {
+        T* tmp = ptr_;
+        ptr_ = r->ptr_;
+        r->ptr_ = tmp;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Swaps the current COM object reference with that of a given <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance.</summary>
+    /// <param name="other">The target <see cref="ComPtr{T}"/> instance to swap with the current one.</param>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public void Swap(ref ComPtr<T> other)
+    {
+        T* tmp = ptr_;
+        ptr_ = other.ptr_;
+        other.ptr_ = tmp;
+    }
+
+    // Increments the reference count for the current COM object, if any
+    private readonly void InternalAddRef()
+    {
+        T* temp = ptr_;
+
+        if (temp != null)
+        {
+            _ = temp->AddRef();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Decrements the reference count for the current COM object, if any
+    private uint InternalRelease()
+    {
+        uint @ref = 0;
+        T* temp = ptr_;
+
+        if (temp != null)
+        {
+            ptr_ = null;
+            @ref = temp->Release();
+        }
+
+        return @ref;
+    }
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/Graphics/Dxgi.Common.Manual.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+namespace Win32.Graphics.Dxgi;
+
+public partial struct Rgb
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Initialize instance of <see cref="Rgb"/> struct.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="red"></param>
+    /// <param name="green"></param>
+    /// <param name="blue"></param>
+    public Rgb(float red, float green, float blue)
+    {
+        Red = red;
+        Green = green;
+        Blue = blue;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"{nameof(Rgb)}(Red: {Red}, Green: {Green}, Blue: {Blue})";
+    }
+}
+
+public partial struct Rational
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Initialize instance of <see cref="Rational"/> struct.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="numerator"></param>
+    /// <param name="denominator"></param>
+    public Rational(uint numerator, uint denominator)
+    {
+        Numerator = numerator;
+        Denominator = denominator;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        return $"{nameof(Rational)}(Numerator: {Numerator}, Denominator: {Denominator})";
+    }
+}
+
+public partial struct SampleDescription
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A <see cref="SampleDescription"/> with Count=1 and Quality=0.
+    /// </summary>
+    public static readonly SampleDescription Default = new(1, 0);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Create new instance of <see cref="SampleDescription"/> struct.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="count"></param>
+    /// <param name="quality"></param>
+    public SampleDescription(uint count, uint quality)
+    {
+        Count = count;
+        Quality = quality;
+    }
+
+    public override string ToString() => $"Count: {Count}, Quality: {Quality}";
+}
+

src/Vortice.Win32/HResult.Constants.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+public readonly partial struct HResult
+{
+    /// <unmanaged>S_OK</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult Ok = 0;
+
+    /// <unmanaged>S_FALSE</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult False = 1;
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_ABORT</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult Abort = unchecked((int)0x80004004);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_ACCESSDENIED</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult AccessDenied = unchecked((int)0x80070005);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_FAIL</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult Fail = unchecked((int)0x80004005);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_HANDLE</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult Handle = unchecked((int)0x80070006);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_INVALIDARG</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult InvalidArg = unchecked((int)0x80070057);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_NOINTERFACE</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult NoInterface = unchecked((int)0x80004002);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_NOTIMPL</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult NotImplemented = unchecked((int)0x80004001);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_OUTOFMEMORY</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult OutOfMemory = unchecked((int)0x8007000E);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_POINTER</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult InvalidPointer = unchecked((int)0x80004003);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>E_UNEXPECTED</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult UnexpectedFailure = unchecked((int)0x8000FFFF);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>WAIT_ABANDONED</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult WaitAbandoned = unchecked((int)0x00000080);
+
+    /// <unmanaged>WAIT_TIMEOUT</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult WaitTimeout = unchecked((int)0x00000102);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The data necessary to complete this operation is not yet available.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <unmanaged>E_PENDING</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult Pending = unchecked((int)0x8000000A);
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The data area passed to a system call is too small.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <unmanaged>E_NOT_SUFFICIENT_BUFFER</unmanaged>
+    public static readonly HResult InsufficientBuffer = unchecked((int)0x8007007A);
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/HResult.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+public readonly partial struct HResult : IComparable, IComparable<HResult>, IEquatable<HResult>, IFormattable
+{
+    public readonly int Value;
+
+    public HResult(int value)
+    {
+        Value = value;
+    }
+
+    public static bool operator ==(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value == right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator !=(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value != right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator <(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value < right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator <=(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value <= right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator >(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value > right.Value;
+
+    public static bool operator >=(HResult left, HResult right) => left.Value >= right.Value;
+
+    public static implicit operator HResult(byte value) => new HResult(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator byte(HResult value) => (byte)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator HResult(short value) => new HResult(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator short(HResult value) => (short)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator HResult(int value) => new HResult(value);
+
+    public static implicit operator int(HResult value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static explicit operator HResult(long value) => new HResult(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static implicit operator long(HResult value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static explicit operator HResult(nint value) => new HResult(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static implicit operator nint(HResult value) => value.Value;
+
+    public static implicit operator HResult(sbyte value) => new HResult(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator sbyte(HResult value) => (sbyte)(value.Value);
+
+    public static implicit operator HResult(ushort value) => new HResult(value);
+
+    public static explicit operator ushort(HResult value) => (ushort)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator HResult(uint value) => new HResult(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator uint(HResult value) => (uint)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator HResult(ulong value) => new HResult(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator ulong(HResult value) => (ulong)(value.Value);
+
+    public static explicit operator HResult(nuint value) => new HResult(unchecked((int)(value)));
+
+    public static explicit operator nuint(HResult value) => (nuint)(value.Value);
+
+    public int CompareTo(object? obj)
+    {
+        if (obj is HResult other)
+        {
+            return CompareTo(other);
+        }
+
+        return (obj is null) ? 1 : throw new ArgumentException("obj is not an instance of HResult.");
+    }
+
+    public int CompareTo(HResult other) => Value.CompareTo(other.Value);
+
+    public override bool Equals(object? obj) => (obj is HResult other) && Equals(other);
+
+    public bool Equals(HResult other) => Value.Equals(other.Value);
+
+    public override int GetHashCode() => Value.GetHashCode();
+
+    public override string ToString() => Value.ToString("X8");
+
+    public string ToString(string? format, IFormatProvider? formatProvider) => Value.ToString(format, formatProvider);
+
+    public bool Failure => Value < 0;
+
+    public bool Success => Value >= 0;
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/IUnknown.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using static Win32.Apis;
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+[Guid("00000000-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
+public unsafe partial struct IUnknown : IUnknown.Interface
+{
+    public static Guid* NativeGuid => (Guid*)Unsafe.AsPointer(ref Unsafe.AsRef(in IID_IUnknown));
+
+    public void** lpVtbl;
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    [VtblIndex(0)]
+    public HResult QueryInterface([NativeTypeName("const IID &")] Guid* riid, void** ppvObject)
+    {
+        return ((delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<IUnknown*, Guid*, void**, int>)(lpVtbl[0]))((IUnknown*)Unsafe.AsPointer(ref this), riid, ppvObject);
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    [VtblIndex(1)]
+    [return: NativeTypeName("ULONG")]
+    public uint AddRef()
+    {
+        return ((delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<IUnknown*, uint>)(lpVtbl[1]))((IUnknown*)Unsafe.AsPointer(ref this));
+    }
+
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    [VtblIndex(2)]
+    [return: NativeTypeName("ULONG")]
+    public uint Release()
+    {
+        return ((delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<IUnknown*, uint>)(lpVtbl[2]))((IUnknown*)Unsafe.AsPointer(ref this));
+    }
+
+    public interface Interface
+    {
+        [VtblIndex(0)]
+        HResult QueryInterface([NativeTypeName("const IID &")] Guid* riid, void** ppvObject);
+
+        [VtblIndex(1)]
+        [return: NativeTypeName("ULONG")]
+        uint AddRef();
+
+        [VtblIndex(2)]
+        [return: NativeTypeName("ULONG")]
+        uint Release();
+    }
+
+    public partial struct Vtbl<TSelf>
+        where TSelf : unmanaged, Interface
+    {
+        [NativeTypeName("HRESULT (const IID &, void **) __attribute__((stdcall))")]
+        public delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<TSelf*, Guid*, void**, int> QueryInterface;
+
+        [NativeTypeName("ULONG () __attribute__((stdcall))")]
+        public delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<TSelf*, uint> AddRef;
+
+        [NativeTypeName("ULONG () __attribute__((stdcall))")]
+        public delegate* unmanaged[Stdcall]<TSelf*, uint> Release;
+    }
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/UnscopedRefAttribute.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
+// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.
+
+namespace System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Used to indicate a byref escapes and is not scoped.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// <para>
+/// There are several cases where the C# compiler treats a <see langword="ref"/> as implicitly
+/// <see langword="scoped"/> - where the compiler does not allow the <see langword="ref"/> to escape the method.
+/// </para>
+/// <para>
+/// For example:
+/// <list type="number">
+///     <item><see langword="this"/> for <see langword="struct"/> instance methods.</item>
+///     <item><see langword="ref"/> parameters that refer to <see langword="ref"/> <see langword="struct"/> types.</item>
+///     <item><see langword="out"/> parameters.</item>
+/// </list>
+/// </para>
+/// <para>
+/// This attribute is used in those instances where the <see langword="ref"/> should be allowed to escape.
+/// </para>
+/// <para>
+/// Applying this attribute, in any form, has impact on consumers of the applicable API. It is necessary for
+/// API authors to understand the lifetime implications of applying this attribute and how it may impact their users.
+/// </para>
+/// </remarks>
+[AttributeUsage(
+    AttributeTargets.Method | AttributeTargets.Property | AttributeTargets.Parameter,
+    AllowMultiple = false,
+    Inherited = false)]
+internal sealed class UnscopedRefAttribute : Attribute
+{
+}

src/Vortice.Win32/Win32.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// Copyright © Amer Koleci and Contributors.
+// Licensed under the MIT License (MIT). See LICENSE in the repository root for more information.
+
+
+using System.ComponentModel;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace Win32;
+
+public static partial class Apis
+{
+    public static ref readonly Guid IID_IUnknown
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            ReadOnlySpan<byte> data = new byte[] {
+                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+                0x00, 0x00,
+                0x00, 0x00,
+                0xC0,
+                0x00,
+                0x00,
+                0x00,
+                0x00,
+                0x00,
+                0x00,
+                0x46
+            };
+
+            Debug.Assert(data.Length == Unsafe.SizeOf<Guid>());
+            return ref Unsafe.As<byte, Guid>(ref MemoryMarshal.GetReference(data));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Retrieves the GUID of of a specified type.</summary>
+    /// <param name="value">A value of type <typeparamref name="T"/>.</param>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The type to retrieve the GUID for.</typeparam>
+    /// <returns>A <see cref="UuidOfType"/> value wrapping a pointer to the GUID data for the input type. This value can be either converted to a <see cref="Guid"/> pointer, or implicitly assigned to a <see cref="Guid"/> value.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static unsafe UuidOfType __uuidof<T>(T value) // for type inference similar to C++'s __uuidof
+        where T : unmanaged
+    {
+        return new UuidOfType(UUID<T>.RIID);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Retrieves the GUID of of a specified type.</summary>
+    /// <param name="value">A pointer to a value of type <typeparamref name="T"/>.</param>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The type to retrieve the GUID for.</typeparam>
+    /// <returns>A <see cref="UuidOfType"/> value wrapping a pointer to the GUID data for the input type. This value can be either converted to a <see cref="Guid"/> pointer, or implicitly assigned to a <see cref="Guid"/> value.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static unsafe UuidOfType __uuidof<T>(T* value) // for type inference similar to C++'s __uuidof
+        where T : unmanaged
+    {
+        return new UuidOfType(UUID<T>.RIID);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Retrieves the GUID of of a specified type.</summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The type to retrieve the GUID for.</typeparam>
+    /// <returns>A <see cref="UuidOfType"/> value wrapping a pointer to the GUID data for the input type. This value can be either converted to a <see cref="Guid"/> pointer, or implicitly assigned to a <see cref="Guid"/> value.</returns>
+    [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+    public static unsafe UuidOfType __uuidof<T>()
+        where T : unmanaged
+    {
+        return new UuidOfType(UUID<T>.RIID);
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A proxy type that wraps a pointer to GUID data. Values of this type can be implicitly converted to and assigned to <see cref="Guid"/>* or <see cref="Guid"/> parameters.</summary>
+    [EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)]
+    public readonly unsafe ref struct UuidOfType
+    {
+        private readonly Guid* riid;
+
+        internal UuidOfType(Guid* riid)
+        {
+            this.riid = riid;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>Reads a <see cref="Guid"/> value from the GUID buffer for a given <see cref="UuidOfType"/> instance.</summary>
+        /// <param name="guid">The input <see cref="UuidOfType"/> instance to read data for.</param>
+        public static implicit operator Guid(UuidOfType guid) => *guid.riid;
+
+        /// <summary>Returns the <see cref="Guid"/>* pointer to the GUID buffer for a given <see cref="UuidOfType"/> instance.</summary>
+        /// <param name="guid">The input <see cref="UuidOfType"/> instance to read data for.</param>
+        public static implicit operator Guid*(UuidOfType guid) => guid.riid;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>A helper type to provide static GUID buffers for specific types.</summary>
+    /// <typeparam name="T">The type to allocate a GUID buffer for.</typeparam>
+    private static unsafe class UUID<T>
+        where T : unmanaged
+    {
+        /// <summary>The pointer to the <see cref="Guid"/> value for the current type.</summary>
+        /// <remarks>The target memory area should never be written to.</remarks>
+        public static readonly Guid* RIID = CreateRIID();
+
+        /// <summary>Allocates memory for a <see cref="Guid"/> value and initializes it.</summary>
+        /// <returns>A pointer to memory holding the <see cref="Guid"/> value for the current type.</returns>
+        private static Guid* CreateRIID()
+        {
+#if NET6_0_OR_GREATER
+            var p = (Guid*)RuntimeHelpers.AllocateTypeAssociatedMemory(typeof(T), sizeof(Guid));
+#else
+            var p = (Guid*)Marshal.AllocHGlobal(sizeof(Guid));
+#endif
+            *p = typeof(T).GUID;
+            return p;
+        }
+    }
+}